查看：6104     * 贴子主题：春季应如何养生

[size=4][color=#333333] [/color][/size][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E6%98%A5%E5%AD%A3&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]春季[/color][/url][color=#000000]([/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E7%AB%8B%E6%98%A5&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]立春[/color][/url][color=#000000]起至[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E7%AB%8B%E5%A4%8F&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]立夏[/color][/url][color=#000000]止)是[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E4%B8%87%E7%89%A9%E7%94%9F%E9%95%BF&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]万物生长[/color][/url][color=#000000]、万象更新的[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%AD%A3%E8%8A%82&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]季节[/color][/url][color=#000000]。春季该摄取哪些营养以及怎样调整饮食呢?很简单，我们可以用这样一句顺口溜来概括：“春天里来日渐暖，[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%8E%9A%E5%91%B3&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]厚味[/color][/url][color=#000000]饮食应转淡，[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E6%97%B6%E9%B2%9C&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]时鲜[/color][/url][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%94%AC%E8%8F%9C&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]蔬菜[/color][/url][color=#000000]要多食，酒肉辛辣要少吃，[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E9%95%BF%E5%AF%BF&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]健康长寿[/color][/url][color=#000000]有保障。”[/color]
[color=#000000]  1.饮食要营养平衡[/color]
[color=#000000]  从饮食科学的观点来看，春季强调蛋白质、碳水化合物、[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]维生素[/color][/url][color=#000000]、[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E7%9F%BF%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]矿物质[/color][/url][color=#000000]要保持相对比例，防止饮食过量、暴饮暴食，避免引起[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%82%9D%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E9%9A%9C%E7%A2%8D&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]肝功能障碍[/color][/url][color=#000000]和胆汁分泌异常。[/color]
[color=#000000]  2.春季饮食[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%85%BB%E8%82%9D&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]养肝[/color][/url][color=#000000]为先[/color]
[color=#000000]  按[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8C%BB&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]中医[/color][/url][color=#000000]观点，春季[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%85%BB%E9%98%B3&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]养阳[/color][/url][color=#000000]重在养肝。在[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E4%BA%94%E8%A1%8C%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%B4&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]五行学说[/color][/url][color=#000000]中，肝属木，与春相应，主升发，在春季萌发、生长。因此，患有[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E9%AB%98%E8%A1%80%E5%8E%8B&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]高血压[/color][/url][color=#000000]、[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%86%A0%E5%BF%83%E7%97%85&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]冠心病[/color][/url][color=#000000]的人更应注意在春季养阳。且春季是细菌、病毒繁殖滋生的[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E6%97%BA%E5%AD%A3&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]旺季[/color][/url][color=#000000]，[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%82%9D%E8%84%8F&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]肝脏[/color][/url][color=#000000]具有解毒、[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E6%8E%92%E6%AF%92&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]排毒[/color][/url][color=#000000]的功能，负担最重，而且由于人们[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%82%9D%E6%B0%94&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]肝气[/color][/url][color=#000000]升发，也会引起旧病复发，如春季[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%82%9D%E7%81%AB&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]肝火[/color][/url][color=#000000]上升，会使虚弱的肺阴更虚，故肺结核病会乘虚而入。中医认为，春在人体主肝，而肝气自然旺于春季。如果春季养生不当，便易伤肝气。为适应季节[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]气候[/color][/url][color=#000000]的变化，保持人体健康，在饮食调理上应当注意养肝为先。[/color]
[color=#000000]  3.饮食要养阳[/color]
[color=#000000]  阳，是指人体[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E9%98%B3%E6%B0%94&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]阳气[/color][/url][color=#000000]，中医认为“阳气者，卫外而为”，即指阳气对人体起着保卫作用，可使人体坚固，免受自然界六淫之气的侵袭。[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E6%98%A5%E5%A4%A9&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]春天[/color][/url][color=#000000]在饮食方面，要遵照《[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E9%BB%84%E5%B8%9D%E5%86%85%E7%BB%8F&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]黄帝内经[/color][/url][color=#000000]》里提出的“春夏补阳”的原则，宜多吃些温补阳气的食物，以使人体阳气充实，增强人体抵抗力，抵御风邪为主的邪气对人体的侵袭。[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E6%9D%8E%E6%97%B6%E7%8F%8D&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]李时珍[/color][/url][color=#000000]在《[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E6%9C%AC%E8%8D%89%E7%BA%B2%E7%9B%AE&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]本草纲目[/color][/url][color=#000000]》里亦主张“以葱、蒜、韭、蓼、蒿、芥等辛嫩之菜，杂和而食”。另一方面，由于[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%82%BE%E9%98%B3&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]肾阳[/color][/url][color=#000000]为人体阳气之根，故在饮食上养阳，还应包括温养肾阳之意。春天时人体阳气充实于体表，而体内阳气都显得不足，因此在饮食上应多吃点培补肾阳的东西。目前除了蓼、蒿等[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E9%87%8E%E8%8F%9C&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]野菜[/color][/url][color=#000000]已较少食用外，葱、蒜、韭等都是养阳的[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E4%BD%B3%E5%93%81&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]佳品[/color][/url][color=#000000]。[/color]
[color=#000000]  4.多食甜，少食酸[/color]
[color=#000000]  唐代名医孙思邈说：“春日宜省酸，增甘，以养脾气。”意思是当春天来临[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E4%B9%8B%E6%97%B6&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]之时[/color][/url][color=#000000]，人们要少吃点酸味的食品，多吃些甜味的饮食，这样做的[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%A5%BD%E5%A4%84&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]好处[/color][/url][color=#000000]是能补益人体[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%84%BE%E8%83%83&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]脾胃[/color][/url][color=#000000]之气。我国[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]医学[/color][/url][color=#000000]认为，脾胃是后天之本，是人体[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E6%B0%94%E8%A1%80&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]气血[/color][/url][color=#000000]化生之源，脾胃之气健旺，人可延年益寿。但春为肝气当令，根据中医五行理论，肝属木，脾属土，木土相克，即肝旺可伤及脾，影响脾的消化吸收功能。中医又认为，五味入[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E4%BA%94%E8%84%8F&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]五脏[/color][/url][color=#000000]，如酸味入肝、[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E7%94%98%E5%91%B3&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]甘味[/color][/url][color=#000000]入脾、咸味入肾等，因此若多吃酸味食物，会加强肝的功能，使本来就偏亢的肝气更旺，这样就能伤害脾胃之气。有鉴于此，在春季人们要少吃些酸味的食物，以防肝气过于旺盛。而甜味的食物入脾，能补益脾气，故可多吃一点，如[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%A4%A7%E6%9E%A3&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]大枣[/color][/url][color=#000000]、[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%B1%B1%E8%8D%AF&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]山药[/color][/url][color=#000000]、锅巴等。[/color]
[color=#000000]  5.饮食要清淡[/color]
[color=#000000]  由[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%86%AC%E5%AD%A3&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]冬季[/color][/url][color=#000000]的[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%86%8F%E7%B2%B1%E5%8E%9A%E5%91%B3&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]膏粱厚味[/color][/url][color=#000000]转变为清温平淡，饮食宜温热，忌生冷。在动物食品上，应少吃肥肉等高[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]脂肪[/color][/url][color=#000000]食物，因为油腻的食物[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E9%A3%9F%E5%90%8E&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]食后[/color][/url][color=#000000]容易产生饱腹感，人体也会产生疲劳现象。胃寒的人可以经常吃点姜，以[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E9%A9%B1%E5%AF%92%E6%9A%96%E8%83%83&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]驱寒暖胃[/color][/url][color=#000000];有[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%93%AE%E5%96%98&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]哮喘[/color][/url][color=#000000]的人，可服点[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E7%94%9F%E5%A7%9C%E8%9C%82%E8%9C%9C%E6%B0%B4&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]生姜蜂蜜水[/color][/url][color=#000000]，以[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E6%B6%A6%E7%87%A5&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]润燥[/color][/url][color=#000000]镇喘;有[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E6%B0%94%E7%AE%A1%E7%82%8E&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]慢性气管炎[/color][/url][color=#000000]的人，应禁食或少食[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%BE%9B%E8%BE%A3%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]辛辣食物[/color][/url][color=#000000]。其他人也不宜多吃辛温[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%A4%A7%E7%83%AD&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]大热[/color][/url][color=#000000]的刺激性食物，以免助火[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E4%BC%A4%E8%BA%AB&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]伤身[/color][/url][color=#000000]。[/color]
[color=#000000]  6.平时要[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%A4%9A%E5%96%9D%E6%B0%B4&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]多喝水[/color][/url]
[color=#000000]  饮水可增加循环[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%A1%80%E5%AE%B9%E9%87%8F&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]血容量[/color][/url][color=#000000]，有利于养肝和代谢废物的排泄，可降低毒物对肝的损害。此外，补水还有利于腺体分泌，尤其是胆汁等消化液的分泌。春季饮香气浓郁的[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%8A%B1%E8%8C%B6&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]花茶[/color][/url][color=#000000]，可有助于散发[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%86%AC%E5%A4%A9&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]冬天[/color][/url][color=#000000]积在体内的[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%AF%92%E9%82%AA&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]寒邪[/color][/url][color=#000000]，促进人体阳气生发，郁滞疏散。而适量饮茶，还可提神解困，但春季不宜贪[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E5%86%B7%E9%A5%AE&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]冷饮[/color][/url][color=#000000]。[/color]
[color=#000000]  7.多食蔬菜[/color]
[color=#000000]  人们经过冬季之后，大多数会出现多种维生素、无机盐及微量元素摄取不足的情况，如春季人们常发口腔炎、口角炎、舌炎、夜盲症和某些[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E7%9A%AE%E8%82%A4%E7%97%85&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]皮肤病[/color][/url][color=#000000]等。因此，随着春季的到来及各种新鲜蔬菜的大量上市，人们一定要多吃点新鲜蔬菜，以便营养均衡，[/color][url=http://www.so.com/s?q=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BD%93%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7&ie=utf-8&src=internal_wenda_recommend_textn][color=#000000]身体健康[/color][/url][color=#000000]。[/color]